I think i messed up the soldering. Right?
Yes. If you look at the binary representation of the ASCII codes for your characters you will find that they all have the same logic level on bit7 as on bit6 and they all have the same logic level on bit3 as on bit2.
When using the 4-bit interface with the LCD bits 7 and 3 use the wire labeled DB7 and bits 6 and 2 use the wire labeled DB6.
If you look at your photograph you will see that it is quite likely that the blobs of solder on DB7 and DB6 are shorted.
Don