I'd like to give my Arduino a back-up battery. I've read about a slick way of doing this by hacking a USB-A cable and putting your back-up battery on it - by default, the Arduino is hooked up to rely on the external power supply if it's available and to pull from the USB if it is not, so if the external PS goes out, it will automatically fall back on the USB connection if it's available. Now that's exactly what I wanted but I'd also like to know IF that has occured.
Assuming there will be a noticeable change in supply voltage when that happens, is there an easy way I can get the Arduino to notice that it's switched over?

