help with HTTP API Moderators: adafruit_support_bill, adafruit

[mgenova79]

Hello everyone, this is my first post and i'm looking for some help using the HTTP API. I am new to HTTP requests and struggling trying to get sensor data from a DS18B20 to adafruit.io. I am using an arduino nano 33 IoT. I previously had the project working with thingspeak, but wanted to give adafruit.io a try because of the neat dashboards. I found several examples using an ESP8266 but could not find much documentation for a SAMD board. I do not wish to use the MQTT api because i only plan on logging data every 10 minutes or so, hence why i chose to use HTTP. the code hangs at client.post in the log_data_to_cloud() function and my status code returns a -1. I am sure the problem is with my syntax but have ran out of ideas. Any help is greatly appreciated.

P.S. I am an electrical engineering student, coding is not my best ability but i can manage. Its a bit messy so go easy on me :) code is attached. thanks in advance.

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#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <ArduinoHttpClient.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <DallasTemperature.h>
#include <OneWire.h>
#include "ThingSpeak.h"
#include "secrets.h"                                       
//Wifinina is for SAMD boards such as nano 33 IoT
#include <WiFiNINA.h>
//uncomment this for esp32
//#include <WiFi.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include "RTClib.h"
#define ONE_WIRE_BUS 12   
#define compressor_relay_pin 11
#define case_lights_relay_pin 10
//eventually i want to cycle the fan on 5 min off 5 min for energy saving
//#define fan_relay_pin 3
#define button_pin 2

RTC_DS3231 rtc;

OneWire oneWire(ONE_WIRE_BUS);
DallasTemperature sensors(&oneWire);
DeviceAddress sensor_1_address = { 0x28, 0xCD, 0x50, 0x45, 0x92, 0x6, 0x2, 0x4E };
//DeviceAddress sensor_2_address = { 0x28, 0x97, 0xCB, 0x79, 0x97, 0x0, 0x3, 0xF3 };  BAD SENSOR
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27,20,4);

int port = 443;
char ssid[] = SECRET_SSID;                                 
char pass[] = SECRET_PASS;
int keyIndex = 0;
const char url[] = "io.adafruit.com/api/v2/mgenova79/feeds/autonomous-beer-fridge-temp";

String response;
int statusCode = 0;

char adafruit_username[] = IO_USERNAME;
char adafruit_key[] = IO_KEY;
int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS;
WiFiSSLClient wifi;
HttpClient client = HttpClient(wifi, url, port);


//***********************VARIABLES******************************************

unsigned long myChannelNumber = SECRET_CH_ID;
const char * myWriteAPIKey = SECRET_WRITE_APIKEY;
char daysOfTheWeek[7][12] = {"Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"};
unsigned long current_millis;                               
unsigned long previous_compressor_millis = 0;
unsigned long previous_email_millis = 0;
unsigned long previous_datalog_millis = 0;
unsigned long previous_alarm_millis = 0;
unsigned long rtc_interval = 30000;
unsigned long log_interval = 30000;
unsigned long compressor_interval = 30000;
unsigned long alarm_interval = 30000;
unsigned long email_interval = 1800000;
unsigned int alarm_counter = 0;
//thingspeak will take a float or integer, not a double.  double will not compile
float discharge_air_temp = 0;                                         
float return_air_temp = 0;                                     
const int high_alarm_setpoint = 65;                               
const int low_alarm_setpoint = 20;
const int cut_in_temp = 45;
const int cut_out_temp = 25;
bool alarm_state = 0;
unsigned long previous_millis_rtc = 0;

int button_state;
int last_button_state = LOW;
unsigned long last_debounce_time = 0;
unsigned long debounce_delay = 50;

const unsigned int on_hour = 17;
const unsigned int on_min = 0;
const unsigned int off_hour = 23;
const unsigned int off_min = 0;

byte curr_hour;
byte curr_min;

bool manual_lights = false;
bool auto_lights = false;

//**************************************************************************

void init_wifi()  {
  // check for the WiFi module:
  if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    while (true);
  }

  String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
  if (fv < "1.0.0") {
    Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware");
  }

  // attempt to connect to WiFi network:
  while (status != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID: ");
    Serial.println(ssid);
    // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network. Change this line if using open or WEP network:
    status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

    // wait 10 seconds for connection:
    delay(10000);
  }
  Serial.println("Connected to wifi");
 

}


void reconnect() {
  if(WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED){
    Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID: ");
    Serial.println(SECRET_SSID);
    while(WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED){
      WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);                              // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network. Change this line if using open or WEP network
      Serial.print(".");
      delay(2000);     
    }
    Serial.println("\nConnected.");
    Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
  }
}


void print_wifi_status() {
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.SSID());
  IPAddress ip = WiFi.localIP();
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  Serial.println(ip);
  long rssi = WiFi.RSSI();
  Serial.print("signal strength (RSSI):");
  Serial.print(rssi);
  Serial.println(" dBm");
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print(WiFi.localIP());
  delay(3000);
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print("AutonomousBeerFridge");    // if you see this, net connection is ok
}


void get_rtc_time()  {
  if ( ( millis() - previous_millis_rtc) >= rtc_interval)  {
    DateTime now = rtc.now();
    curr_hour = now.hour();
    curr_min = now.minute();
    Serial.println();
    Serial.print(now.year(), DEC);
    Serial.print('/');
    Serial.print(now.month(), DEC);
    Serial.print('/');
    Serial.print(now.day(), DEC);
    Serial.print(" (");
    Serial.print(daysOfTheWeek[now.dayOfTheWeek()]);
    Serial.print(") ");
    Serial.print(curr_hour, DEC);
    Serial.print(':');
    Serial.print(curr_min, DEC);
    Serial.print(':');
    Serial.print(now.second(), DEC);
    Serial.println();
    previous_millis_rtc = millis();

    if ( on_hour <= off_hour)  {
      if ( ( curr_hour >= on_hour ) && ( curr_min >= on_min )) {
        auto_lights = 1;
      } 
      if ( ( curr_hour >= off_hour ) && ( curr_min >= off_min )) {
      auto_lights = 0;
      }
    }     
    if ( on_hour > off_hour)  { 
      if ( ( curr_hour >= off_hour ) && ( curr_min >= off_min )) {
        auto_lights = 0;
      } 
      if ( ( curr_hour >= on_hour ) && ( curr_min >= on_min )) {
      auto_lights = 1;
      }
    }
  Serial.print( "manual light ststus: ");
  Serial.print(manual_lights);
  Serial.print( "   auto light ststus: ");
  Serial.print(auto_lights);
  Serial.println(); 
   if ( ( manual_lights == 1 ) || ( auto_lights == 1 ) )  {
    digitalWrite(case_lights_relay_pin, HIGH);
  }
  else  {
    digitalWrite(case_lights_relay_pin, LOW );
  }
  }
}


void check_button_status() {
  int reading = digitalRead(button_pin);
  if (reading != last_button_state) {
    last_debounce_time = millis();
  }
  if ( (millis() - last_debounce_time) > debounce_delay) {
    if (reading != button_state) {
      button_state = reading;
      if (button_state == LOW) {
        manual_lights = !manual_lights;
        if (manual_lights == 1)  {
          Serial.print("manual lights on = ");
          Serial.println(manual_lights);
        }
        else  {
          Serial.print("manual lights off = ");
          Serial.println(manual_lights);
        }
      }
    }
  }
 
  last_button_state = reading;
}


void log_temp_data_to_cloud()   {
  if ( current_millis - previous_datalog_millis >= log_interval) {
    sensors.requestTemperatures();
    discharge_air_temp = sensors.getTempF(sensor_1_address);
    //return_air_temp = sensors.getTempF(sensor_2_address);
    Serial.println(discharge_air_temp);
    //Serial.println(return_air_temp);
   
   
    // AIO http code
    String values = "temp=" + String(discharge_air_temp);
    client.beginRequest();
    client.post("/api/v2/mgenova79/feeds/autonomous-beer-fridge-temp" + values);
    client.sendHeader("X-AIO-Key", adafruit_key);
    client.sendHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
    client.endRequest();
    int statusCode = client.responseStatusCode();
    String response = client.responseBody();
    if (statusCode == 200 )  {
      Serial.println("data uploaded successfully!");
    }
    else {
      Serial.print("sorry, an error occured with status code: ");
      Serial.println(statusCode);
      Serial.print("response: ");
      Serial.println(response);
    }

    // https://io.adafruit.com/api/v2/mgenova79/feeds/autonomous-beer-fridge-temp
    // https://io.adafruit.com/mgenova79/feeds/autonomous-beer-fridge-temp

  previous_datalog_millis = current_millis;
  }
}


void cycle_compressor_relay()  {
  if (current_millis - previous_compressor_millis >= compressor_interval)   { 
    if (discharge_air_temp > cut_in_temp){
        digitalWrite(compressor_relay_pin, HIGH);                   //relay command on
        lcd.setCursor(0,2);
        lcd.print("             ");
        lcd.setCursor(0,2);
        lcd.print("Mode: Cooling");
        Serial.println("Mode: Cooling");
      }
 
      if (discharge_air_temp < cut_out_temp){
        digitalWrite(compressor_relay_pin, LOW);                   //relay command off
        lcd.setCursor(0,2);
        lcd.print("             ");
        lcd.setCursor(0,2);
        lcd.print("Mode: idle");
        Serial.println("Mode: Idle");
      }
    previous_compressor_millis = current_millis;
  }
}


void check_alarm_status()  {
  if (current_millis - previous_alarm_millis >= alarm_interval)  {
    if (discharge_air_temp >= high_alarm_setpoint || discharge_air_temp <= low_alarm_setpoint)  {
      alarm_state = 1;
      Serial.print("in alarm state for ");
      Serial.print( ( current_millis - alarm_counter )/1000);
      Serial.println(" seconds");
      lcd.setCursor(0,3);
      lcd.print("ALARM !!");
    }
    else  {
      alarm_state = 0;
      alarm_counter = current_millis;
      lcd.setCursor(0,3);
      lcd.print("        ");
    }
  previous_alarm_millis = current_millis;
  }
  if (current_millis - previous_email_millis >= email_interval && alarm_state == 1)  {
    //send email here, create a new function
    Serial.println("Email Sent!");
    previous_email_millis = current_millis;
  }
}


void setup() {
  delay(3000); // wait for console opening
  Serial.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial) {
    ; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
  }
  lcd.init();
  lcd.backlight();
  lcd.clear();
  sensors.begin();
  init_wifi();
  print_wifi_status();
  if (! rtc.begin()) {
    Serial.println("Couldn't find RTC");
    while (1);
  }
  if (rtc.lostPower()) {
    Serial.println("RTC lost power, lets set the time!");
    // following line sets the RTC to the date & time this sketch was compiled
    rtc.adjust(DateTime(F(__DATE__), F(__TIME__)));
    // This line sets the RTC with an explicit date & time, for example to set
    // January 21, 2014 at 3am you would call:
    // rtc.adjust(DateTime(2014, 1, 21, 3, 0, 0));
  }
  pinMode(compressor_relay_pin, OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(case_lights_relay_pin, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(compressor_relay_pin, LOW);
  digitalWrite(case_lights_relay_pin, LOW);
  pinMode(button_pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  digitalWrite(button_pin, HIGH);
  ThingSpeak.begin(wifi);
}


void loop() {
  if (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    reconnect();
    print_wifi_status();
    return;
  }
  current_millis = millis();
  get_rtc_time();
  check_button_status();
  log_temp_data_to_cloud();
  cycle_compressor_relay();
  check_alarm_status();
}





[mgenova79]

spent a little more time reading and found that i had too much information in the url so i changed

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const char url[] = "io.adafruit.com/api/v2/mgenova79/feeds/autonomous-beer-fridge-temp";

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const char url[] = "io.adafruit.com";

am i right that the path to the feed is implemented like this?

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client.post("/api/v2/mgenova79/feeds/autonomous-beer-fridge-temp" + values);

i am now getting error code 404 with a response of:
not found - that is an invalid URL, please check the API documentation at https://io.adafruit.com/api/docs to make sure your URL is correct

I think i am getting close, just not sure what the formatting is supposed to look like

[mgenova79]

well I spent the better part of the weekend reading the documentation at arduinojson.org and finally figured out how to serialize the data properly and i got the code working. Here is the minimal-ish code that I made for a test to push data to adafruit.io. I hope this helps someone else.

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#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <ArduinoHttpClient.h>
#include <WiFiNINA.h>
#include "secrets.h"

char ssid[] = SECRET_SSID;                                 
char pass[] = SECRET_PASS;
int keyIndex = 0;
int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS;
char adafruit_username[] = IO_USERNAME;
char adafruit_key[] = IO_KEY;
String response;
int statusCode = 0;
const char url[] = "io.adafruit.com";
int port = 443;

WiFiSSLClient wifi;
HttpClient client = HttpClient(wifi, url, port);


void init_wifi()  {
  // check for the WiFi module:
  if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    while (true);
  }

  String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
  if (fv < "1.0.0") {
    Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware");
  }

  // attempt to connect to WiFi network:
  while (status != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID: ");
    Serial.println(ssid);
    // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network. Change this line if using open or WEP network:
    status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

    // wait 10 seconds for connection:
    delay(10000);
  }
  Serial.println("Connected to wifi");
}


void print_wifi_status() {
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.SSID());
  IPAddress ip = WiFi.localIP();
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  Serial.println(ip);
  long rssi = WiFi.RSSI();
  Serial.print("signal strength (RSSI):");
  Serial.print(rssi);
  Serial.println(" dBm");
}


void send_data_to_adafruitIO()  {

  // Allocate JsonDocument
  const int capacity = JSON_ARRAY_SIZE(2) + 4 * JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(2);
  StaticJsonDocument<capacity> doc;

  // Add the "feeds" array
  JsonArray feeds = doc.createNestedArray("feeds");
  JsonObject feed1 = feeds.createNestedObject();
  feed1["key"] = "DischargeAirTemp";
  feed1["value"] = 24.78;
  JsonObject feed2 = feeds.createNestedObject();
  feed2["key"] = "ReturnAirTemp";
  feed2["value"] = 39.93;

  // Add the "location" object
  JsonObject location = doc.createNestedObject("location");
  location["lat"] = 35.363892;
  location["lon"] = -119.116088;
 
  //uncomment next two lines to view the minified JSON Document, this is the ideal format for sending over TCP
  //Serial.println();
  //serializeJson(doc, Serial);
 
  //uncomment next two lines to view the Prettified JSON document, preferred method for viewing.  do not send this over TCP because it used more memory.
  //Serial.println();
  //serializeJsonPretty(doc, Serial);

  client.beginRequest();
  client.post("/api/v2/mgenova79/groups/autonomousbeerfridge/data");
  client.sendHeader("X-AIO-Key", adafruit_key);
  client.sendHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
  client.sendHeader("Content-Length", measureJson(doc));
  client.beginBody();
  serializeJson(doc, client);
  client.endRequest();
  int statusCode = client.responseStatusCode();
  String response = client.responseBody();
 
  if (statusCode == 200 )  {
  Serial.println("data uploaded successfully!");
  }
  else {
  Serial.print("sorry, an error occured with status code: ");
  Serial.println(statusCode);
  Serial.print("response: ");
  Serial.println(response);
  }   
}


void setup() {

  delay(2000); // wait for console opening
  Serial.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial) {
    ; // wait for serial port to connnect.
  }
 
  init_wifi();
  print_wifi_status();
  send_data_to_adafruitIO();
}

void loop() {
  // put your hands up in the air here, repeatedly:
  // Seriously, do nothing
}

[TI545]

Hello mgenova79. Thank you for posting your solution. I also recently bought a nano33iot board. I've played around with its sensors, but have not posted data to the cloud. Your code will help me when I look at the adafruit.io documentation.

[TI545]

OK, I have your example working, thank you very much.

It didn't work, many times, and I played with the syntax. In the end, I re-read some learn.adafruit.com. This Nano33iot board uses the WifiNina chip. And I realized I could update the io.adafruit.com SSL certificates using the arduino IDE tool for WifiNina. After I did that, the Arduino sketch worked, my feed is updated.

[mgenova79]

I'm glad the code worked for you! Thanks for reporting back.